Materials development for the fabrication of metal supported. The first part of this thesis is a paper titled a process based cost model for multilayer ceramic manufacturing of solid oxide fuel cells which presents a process. It converts the chemical energy of the fuel gas directly to electricity energy and therefore, very high electrical efficiencies can be achieved. Solid oxide fuel cell apu feasibility study for a long range commercial aircraft using utc itaps approach volume i. Modeling battery performance due to volume change in porous electrodes due to intercalation, taylor r. Hydrocarbon fuels, such as methane, are logistically favourable and provide high energy densities. Monitoring the microstructural evolution of solid oxide. Although volume production can be expected to reduce these costs, it may be difficult to.
Characterization of material behavior during the manufacturing process of a coextruded solid oxide fuel cell a thesis presented to the academic faculty by prescott l. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc, is a clean and lowpollution technology of generating power of high efficiency. Synthesis, characterization, and optimization of novel. The following background information is largely gathered from fuel cell fundamentals 1. The anode is the part of the sofc that has main focus in this thesis. In this thesis, several models of solid oxide fuel cell sofcs were developed in cell and system levels. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc have been studied extensively for a broad spectrum of electrical power generation applications because of their clean and efficient electrical energy production. Current opinion in solid state and materials science. A redoxstable efficient anode for solidoxide fuel cells.
Sofc systems with three different operation modes are employed. Power density is the amount of power per unit volume. Numerical model of niinfiltrated porous anode solid oxide. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of. I hereby declare that this thesis is entirely the result of my own work except where. Electrodes in a solid oxide fuel cell sofc must possess both adequate porosity. At my home university agh university of science and technology in krakow i am doing continuous m. Solid oxide fuel cells illinois institute of technology. Professor robert steinbergerwilckens a thesis submitted to the university of birmingham for the degree of doctor of philosophy chemical engineering engineering and physical sciences. Design and performance of a voc abatement system using a solid oxide fuel cell by dhananjai sudhakar borwankar a thesis presented to the university of waterloo. Niysz volume ratio dependence of conductivity and anode resistance koide et al. Thermodynamic optimization of a planar solid oxide fuel cell james christopher ford g. Structure and electrical conductivity of mnbased spinels.
Thermal modeling and analysis of polymer electrolyte membrane. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc were fabricated and the electrodes tested for their individual catalytic effectiveness in various fuels by exposing each electrode to mixed gas while the opposite electrode was exposed to its respective pure gas. Unlike lower temperature variants, carbon monoxide is a fuel rather than a poison, and so hydrocarbon fuels can be. Thesis, eidgenossische technische hochschule zurich ethz, zurich, 2012. I wish to thank the past and present students and researchers at the queensrmc fuel cell research centre for fostering a conducive working environment.
Pem fuel cells use a solid polymer as an electrolyte and porous carbon electrodes containing a platinum or platinum alloy catalyst. Electrochemical devices for energy generation and storage are therefore becoming increasingly prevalent. Santos and others published ceramic materials for solid oxide fuel cells find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. However, the use of these fuels often results in a decreased efficiency and life. Uppermost, polymer electrolyte fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, and solid oxide fuel cells have been demonstrated at commercial size in power plants. Modeling and simulation of solid oxide fuel cell based on the. Solid oxide fuel cells s olid oxide fuel cells sofcs offer a clean, lowpollution technology to electrochemically generate electricity at high efficiencies.
Moreover, the solid oxide nature of the electrolyte makes sofc. Monitoring the microstructural evolution of solid oxide fuel. Microstructural characterisation, modelling and simulation of solid. Microtubular solidoxide fuel cells for lowtemperature. Ceriabased nanocomposite electrolyte for lowtemperature solid oxide fuel cells ying ma licentiate thesis stockholm 2009 division of functional materials school of information and communication technology royal institute of technology. A novel method for the control and integration of a portable hybrid solid oxide fuel cell sofc system, based on hydrocarbon fuel, is presented in this paper. Fuel flexibility, including hydrocarbons, is the main advantage of sofcs. The purpose of this work is to summarize the current status of hybrid solid oxide fuel cell sofc cycles and identify areas that require further studies.
Cells stacks modules systems achieved extrapolated technology validation. Efficiency is about 60 percent, and operating temperatures are about 1,000 c about 1,800 f. The total consumption of energy worldwide and in usa are shown in fig. Investigation of low temperature solid oxide fuel cells for airindependent uuv applications by jennie mariko moton thesis submitted to the faculty of the graduate school of the university of maryland, college park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science 2012 advisory committee. The high operating temperature of the sofc also provides excellent possibilities for cogeneration applications. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc are devices that are used to efficiently convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Pdf the main concerns in the world today, especially in the energy field, are subjected to clean, efficient, and durable sources of energy. Integrated gasification fuel cell igfc systems combining coal gasification and solid oxide fuel cells sofc are promising for highly efficient and environmentally friendly utilization of coal for power production. Materials development for the fabrication of metal. Solid oxide fuel cells represent an energy conversion device with high efficiency and fuel versatility but continue to suffer from cost and durability issues, hindering commercial viability. In the intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells itsofcs, the low operating temperatures reduces the oxidative degradation, and make possible the use of metallic interconnects.
The second law efficiency calculations for the unit cell are carried out at 1273 k and 1073 k, 1 atm and 5 atm, and by assuming different conversion ratios for methane, hydrogen, and. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy of a fuel and oxidant directly into electrical energy. Design and analysis of reversible solid oxide cell systems. Sep 27, 2011 the need for reducing the solid oxide fuel cell sofc operating temperature below 600 c is imposed by cost reduction, which is essential for widespread sofc use, but might also disclose new applications. Performance of a natural gas solid oxide fuel cell system. Modeling of solid oxide fuel cells by won yong lee submitted to the department of mechanical engineering on 19 august 2006 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in mechanical engineering abstract a comprehensive membraneelectrode assembly mea model of solid oxide fuel cell. Performance analysis of an intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell submitted by bora timurkutluk in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in mechanical engineering, middle east technical university by, prof. Modeling, control, and integration of a portable solid.
Of the several classes of fuel cell, solid oxide fuel cells sofcs have attracted. Performance simulation of planar solid oxide fuel cells. Eisele in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science in mechanical engineering georgia institute of technology atlanta, georgia april, 2004. Aircraft propulsion and subsystems integration evaluation hari srinivasan, jean yamanis, rick welch, sonia tulyani, and larry hardin united technologies research center 411 silver lane east hartford, connecticut 06108 summary.
They require much higher loadings of expensive platinum catalyst than other types of fuel cells do, which raises the cost. Mechanistic studies of liquid metal electrode solid oxide fuel cells aliya toleuova a thesis submitted to university college london for the degree of doctor of philosophy september 2015 department of chemical engineering torrington place, london, wc1e 7je. This device produces electric current through the electrochemical oxidation of fuel through an ionic conductor. Synthesis strategies for improving the performance of. Doe office of fossil energy solid oxide fuel cell program. Mechanistic studies of liquid metal electrode solid oxide. Ni ysz volume ratio dependence of conductivity and anode resistance koide et al. You can read online fuel cell science and engineering here in pdf, epub, mobi or docx formats. Nov 01, 2004 progress continues in fuel cell technology since the previous edition of the fuel cell handbook was published in november 1998. Energy analysis of a solid oxide fuel cell sofc operated. Towards the next generation of solid oxide fuel cells. Development and processing of solid oxide fuel cell materials. More than fifteen processing methods have been reported in the literature, many of. Solid oxide fuel cell apu feasibility study for a long.
This paper develops a onedimensional mathematical model for direct internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell dirsofc. Development and processing of solid oxide fuel cell materials by thomas william pike i. A comprehensive membraneelectrode assembly mea model of solid oxide fuel cell sofcs is developed to investigate the effect of various design and operating conditions on the cell performance and to examine the underlying mechanisms that govern their performance. July 2012, 114 pages solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a device that converts the chemical energy of the fuel into the electricity by the chemical reactions at high temperatures 600. Download book fuel cell science and engineering in pdf format. Woodruff school of mechanical engineering georgia institute of technology dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment for doctor of philosophy georgia institute of technology december 2012. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. Improving the performance of solid oxide fuel cell systems. New perovskite materials for sensors and low temperature. Furthermore, the report provides insights into the latest industry trends, key regulatory scenarios, and analyzes technologies that are being deployed at a rapid pace at the global level. Ionic conducting composite as electrolyte for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells functional materials division, kth, 2010 i abstract solid oxide fuel cells sofcs are considered as one of the most promising power generation technologies due to their high energy conversion efficiency, fuel flexibility and reduced pollution.
Novel anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells university of. Computational fluid dynamics modelling of solid oxide fuel. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs, the topic of this thesis, are well suited for sta. With the aim to limit nio reduction under inert atmosphere at high temperature, doping elements such as al and ce were considered for nio powders modification and anode production. A numerical model was developed to evaluate the performance of detailed solid oxide fuel cell sofc anode microstructures obtained from experimental reconstruction. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs are of major interest in fuel cell development due to their. Based electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells, emir dogdibegovic.
Its applicability for both stationery and transportation power generation systems, adaptability for wide range fuel sources, as wells its process of direct conversion of fuel to energy make it an important source of power generation. Integration of micro solid oxide fuel cells in power generator. Cr vaporization and oxide scale growth on interconnects in. Moreover, a cfd model of an soec was developed to study. Modeling, control, and integration of a portable solid oxide. Cell and stack performance improvements increased cell area by 5x increased cell power by 10x. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs offer an efficient energy conversion technology for alleviating current energy problems. Finally the thesis is ended with a discussion and conclusion chapter. A finite volume sofc model for coalbased integrated. It includes a study of a heatrecovery system for 18 mw sofc fuelled by natural gas, to provide the electric power demand onboard commercial vessels.
A nickel wire is coiled around a thin carbon composite rod in order to fabricate cell supports. Solid oxide fuel cell electrode characterization and. Technoeconomic optimal design of solid oxide fuel cell systems. A solid oxide electrolyser cell soec is a solid oxide fuel cell set in regenerative mode for the electrolysis of water with a solid oxide, or ceramic, electrolyte to produce oxygen and hydrogen gas. Steven beale for his help and advise during my thesis. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs are characterized by low pollution, and are therefore the best alternative both for distributed energy sources and large. On having consulted this thesis youre accepting the following use conditions. Worcester polytechnic institute abstract a performance based, multi process cost model for solid oxide fuel cells by heather woodward cost effective high volume manufacture of solid oxide fuel cells sofcs is a major challenge for commercial success of these devices. The differential equations are solved numerically with a commercial cfd code which employs a control volume based approach. Thermal management of solid oxide fuel cells by flow arrangement uen, f. Advances in solid oxide fuel cells ix, volume 34, issue 4. Different carbon composites such as pencil leads and carbon fibres were investigated. The hybrid solid oxide fuel cell sofc and gas turbine.
The thesis comprises an analysis of the heat transfer phenomenon in solid oxide fuel cells sofcs and a description of ariousv transport phenomena in a solid oxide electrolysis cell. The work discussed here is divided into three main categories. The performance of solid oxide fuel cells sofcs at the cell and system levels is. Design and performance of a voc abatement system using a. Review and cite solid oxide fuel cells protocol, troubleshooting and other methodology information contact experts in solid oxide fuel cells to get answers. Following this general analysis, two simple solid oxide fuel cell systems are examined. The solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a promising technology for electricity generation. In addition, the effectiveness of sofc in reducing greenhouse gases was assessed through a. Energy analysis of a solid oxide fuel cell sofc operated by pv system in the residential sector, in highland scarlett allende masters thesis energy sciences publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay. Thermodynamic analysis of a combined gas turbine power. In this work, a few configurations of the hybrid system are simulated and their performances are analyzed. A dynamic sofc system model has been developed for the purposes of. Establishing electrode microstructureproperty relationships provides insight into both initial and long term performance and thus far, full comprehension. Systems for smallscale stationary applications, ph.
Rational synthesis of catalysts for biomass conversion, qiuli liu. The solid oxide fuel cell sofc allows the conversion of chemical energy that is stored in a given fuel, including light hydrocarbons, to electrical power. Doctoral school in materials engineering xxiii cycle. Spatial distribution of carbon accumulation on solid oxide fuel cells operating under methane by daniel miller neuburger a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in chemistry montana state university bozeman, montana november 2015. The potential for these fuel cells is immense and they promise to be an important alternative energy source for a less oil dependant future. Government funding is largely being replaced by corporate. Download pdf fuel cell science and engineering free. An innovative current collection architecture for microtubular solid oxide fuel cells sofc has been developed. This dissertation presents research on the development of novel materials and fabrication procedures for solid oxide fuel cell sofc anodes. The report on the solid oxide fuel cell market highlights leading regions across the world, with an aim to offer a better understanding of the market.
Pdf achievements and trends of solid oxide fuel cells in clean. A performance based, multiprocess cost model for solid oxide fuel cells by heather woodward cost effective high volume manufacture of solid oxide fuel cells sofcs is a major challenge for commercial success of these devices. Seventh edition fuel cell handbook technical report osti. Polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells also called proton exchange membrane fuel cells deliver high power density and offer the advantages of low weight and volume compared with other fuel cells. Ceramic engineering and science proceedings volume 34, issue 4 advances in solid oxide fuel cells ix a collection of papers from the american ceramic societys 37th international conference on advanced ceramics and composites, held in daytona beach, florida, january 27february 1, 20. New perovskite materials for sensors and low temperature solid oxide fuel cell ltsofc applications syed munawer bukhari thesis submitted to the faculty of graduate and postdoctoral studies in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the phd degree in chemistry department of chemistry faculty of science university of ottawa. Dec 22, 2011 a novel method for the control and integration of a portable hybrid solid oxide fuel cell sofc system, based on hydrocarbon fuel, is presented in this paper. For the total world consumption, the total amount of 600 quads is dominated by oil 37%, with all fossil fuels accounting for83% of the total until 2011 and will be 78% by 2040 because of more usage of renewable energy resources. Theoretical and experimental study of solid oxide fuel cell. Solid oxide fuel cells the national energy technology laboratory netl solid oxide fuel cell sofc team performs fundamental sofc technology evaluation, enhances existing sofc technology and develops advanced sofc concepts in support of the u. Design of a fuel cell system chalmers publication library.
Soecs can also be used to do electrolysis of co 2 to produce co and oxygen or even coelectrolysis of water and co 2 to produce syngas and oxygen. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc are a type of electrochemical energy conversion devices that offer various advantages such as high overall combined heat and electrical efficiency 8090 %, wide range of scales 100w100mw and high stack volumetric power density 10 wcm 3 as well as high specific energy 1 kwhkg. Bazant for his consistent trust and support during my thesis work. Drawing of a solid oxide cell solid oxide fuel cells sofc use a hard, ceramic compound of metal like calcium or zirconium oxides chemically, o 2 as electrolyte. The balance of plant bop and power electronics systems are treated as separate local units, and local controllers are designed for each unit using established linear techniques. Since sofcs produce electricity through an electrochemical reaction and not through a combustion process, they are much more efficient and environmentally benign than conventional electric power generation processes. Hybrid solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine system configurations and cycle analysis.
Mar 30, 2003 solid oxide fuel cells sofcs promise high efficiencies in a range of fuels. Solid oxide fuel cell thesis pdf for free essay writing worksheets seow 1998, however, considers process writing is there a relationship between enrollment in online elective courses and in departmental affairs, for the secondary solid oxide fuel cell thesis pdf school. Deciding upon the optimum configuration is one of the key steps in modeling a gas turbine hybrid system. In this paper, a combined solid oxide fuel cell sofc and gas turbine fuelled by natural gas is proposed as an attractive option to limit the environmental impact of the marine sector. Computational fluid dynamics analysis on transport. Microtubular solid oxide fuel cells for lowtemperature operation volume 39 issue 9 toshio suzuki, toshiaki yamaguchi, hirofumi sumi, koichi hamamoto, yoshinobu fujishiro. A microfabricated solid oxide fuel cell ankur mehta.
Cr vaporization and oxide scale growth on interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells hannes falk windisch department of chemistry and chemical engineering chalmers university of technology abstract the vaporization of crvi species and the greater electrical resistance caused by a growing oxide scale are. However, the most common fuel cell classification is by type of electrolyte. Seventh edition fuel cell handbook technical report. Then a description on hybrid systems for the ship and the specification of requirements for the fuel cell system is given. The operating temperatures of these different types of fuel cells. Electronic pdf the global solid oxide fuel cell market is expected to reach usd 1. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a complicated system with heat and mass transfer as well as electrochemical reactions. The realtime dynamic simulation of sofc is still a challenge up to now. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc have emerged as energy conversion devices in achieving high efficiency of over 70% with regeneration. The development of a coupled physics and reaction kinetics. Progress in material selection for solid oxide fuel cell. As a result, these fuel cells are typically large and heavy. These modelswere used in several case studiesto simulate the performance of the cells and systems studied.
Chemical engineering theses and dissertations chemical. Pafcs are also less powerful than other fuel cells, given the same weight and volume. Both devices are encompassed under the solid oxide electrochemical cell concept. Ceriabased nanocomposite electrolyte for lowtemperature. Oxide ions permeate across a ceramic electrolyte membrane to react with the fuel, driving electrons back around through the load. Reversible solid oxide cell resoc technology has the potential to play a major role in stationary electrical energy storage markets. Simulation of solid oxide fuel cellbased power generation. Progress continues in fuel cell technology since the previous edition of the fuel cell handbook was published in november 1998. The first system consists of a solid oxide unit cell with external reformer.